An exit load is a fee imposed by a mutual fund company when an investor redeems their units before a specified period. It is calculated as a percentage of the redemption amount. For example, if an investor redeems units worth ₹10,000 and the exit load is 1%, Rs. 100 will be deducted as the exit load, and the investor will receive Rs. 9,900 as the redemption proceeds.
In this blog, you will learn about the meaning of exit load, the different types of exit loads in mutual funds, how to calculate exit load, and why mutual funds levy this fee. Additionally, we will explore when exit load is applicable, considerations for investors, and much more.
What is an exit load in mutual funds?
Exit load in mutual funds refers to a fee levied by Asset Management Companies (AMCs) when investors redeem their mutual fund units before a specified period. It acts as a deterrent against premature withdrawals and aims to discourage investors from frequent trading, promoting stability within the fund. The exit load is deducted from the Net Asset Value (NAV) of the mutual fund, reducing the overall returns for investors.
Exit loads vary among mutual fund schemes and are typically higher for shorter investment durations. For instance, if an investor redeems their units within a year of purchase, they may incur a higher exit load compared to redeeming after a longer holding period.
Understanding exit loads is essential for investors as it helps them consider the potential costs associated with early withdrawals. By aligning investment goals with the appropriate holding period, investors can mitigate the impact of exit loads on their returns and make informed decisions regarding their mutual fund investments.
What is the purpose of exit load?
Exit loads serve two primary purposes:
- Discouraging frequent trading: Exit loads are designed to deter investors from engaging in frequent buying and selling of mutual fund units. Such frequent trading can disrupt the fund manager's ability to effectively manage the fund's portfolio and potentially impact overall performance.
- Protecting long-term investors: By imposing a fee for early redemptions, exit loads encourage investors to maintain their investments for the long term. This benefits both the fund and other long-term investors by promoting stability and consistent performance.
Types of exit load in mutual fund
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC)
Under the CDSC structure, the exit load decreases over time. Initially, the charges are higher, but they gradually decrease as the investor holds the units for a longer duration. If the investor holds the units beyond the CDSC period, no exit load is applied upon redemption.
Fixed Exit Load
In this type of exit load, the charges remain constant throughout the specified holding period. For instance, if a mutual fund has a fixed exit load of 2%, it will apply whether the investor redeems the units within one month or within one year of purchase.
Stepped Exit Load
Stepped exit load involves a graduated structure where the exit load percentage changes in steps over the holding period. The longer the investor holds the units, the lower the exit load percentage becomes. This structure intends to incentivize long-term investment by reducing the penalty for early redemption over time.