Electric shock occurs when a person comes into contact with an electrical current, which can lead to various physical effects, including burns, irregular heartbeat, and even loss of consciousness. The severity of the shock depends on factors such as the voltage, duration of exposure, and the path the current takes through the body. Symptoms can range from mild tingling to severe injuries like cardiac arrest or respiratory failure.

Immediate actions to take after an electric shock

1. Ensure safety: Do not touch the person if they are still in contact with the electrical source.

2. Turn off power: If safe, unplug the device or turn off the circuit breaker.

3. Call emergency services: Dial 911 if the shock is severe or if there are visible injuries.

4. Check responsiveness: Assess if the person is conscious and breathing.

5. Perform CPR: If unresponsive and not breathing, start CPR immediately.

6. Positioning: If conscious but faint, lay them down with legs elevated.

When to call emergency services

• High voltage shock: Any contact with high-voltage sources requires immediate medical attention.
• Severe symptoms: Call if there are severe burns, difficulty breathing, seizures, or loss of consciousness.
• Persistent symptoms: Even minor shocks should be evaluated by a doctor to rule out internal injuries.

How to provide first aid for electric shock

1. Isolate from source: Ensure the power is turned off before touching the victim.

2. Assess condition: Check for breathing and pulse; initiate CPR if necessary.

3. Control bleeding: Apply pressure to any bleeding wounds.

4. Cover burns: Use sterile gauze for burns; avoid adhesive bandages.

5. Monitor vital signs: Keep track of their breathing and responsiveness until help arrives.

Identifying symptoms

• Loss of consciousness
• Muscle spasms
• Breathing difficulties
• Burns or visible injuries
• Irregular heartbeat

Steps to administer CPR

Step	Action
1. Check responsiveness	Tap shoulder and shout; check for breathing.
2. Call for help	If alone, call emergency services before starting CPR.
3. Begin chest compressions	Push hard and fast in the centre of the chest (100-120 compressions/min).
4. Open airway	Tilt head back, lift chin, pinch the nose shut, and give 2 rescue breaths (if trained).
5. Continue CPR	Alternate between compressions and breaths until help arrives or they recover.

Common mistakes to avoid during an electric shock incident

1. Touching the victim: Never touch someone still in contact with electricity.

2. Moving the person: Avoid moving them unless they are in immediate danger.

3. Ignoring minor shocks: Always seek medical evaluation after any electric shock.

4. Using metal objects: Do not use metal objects to separate a person from electricity.

How to prevent electric shocks

• Regularly inspect electrical cords for damage.
• Use outlets safely; avoid overloading them.
• Install ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs).
• Educate others about electrical safety practices at home and work.

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