Air purifiers work by removing pollutants, allergens, and contaminants from indoor air, making it safer to breathe. These devices use multiple filtration technologies such as HEPA filters, activated carbon, and UV-C light to trap dust, bacteria, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The primary function of an air purifier is to capture airborne particles and neutralise harmful gases. As air passes through the filters, large particles like pet dander and dust are trapped first, followed by smaller pollutants such as bacteria and pollen.
Some advanced air purifiers also feature ionisers that help remove airborne contaminants by charging them and attracting them to collection plates. This process significantly improves air quality, especially in areas with high pollution levels. Investing in an air purifier can be beneficial for individuals with respiratory conditions like asthma and allergies.
To understand more about air purification options, check out the
pros and cons of air filtration systems.
Understanding HEPA filters in air purifiers
HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filters are one of the most effective filtration technologies in air purifiers. These filters can capture 99.97% of airborne particles as small as 0.3 microns, including dust, pollen, and bacteria. They work by forcing air through fine mesh layers that trap microscopic contaminants, improving overall air quality.
HEPA filters are particularly beneficial for people with respiratory issues as they help reduce allergens and airborne irritants. While these filters are highly efficient, they require regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance. To learn more about other filtration technologies, explore
carbon filters in air purifiers.
How HEPA filters capture pollutants
HEPA filters use a three-stage mechanism to trap pollutants: interception, impaction, and diffusion. The filter fibres intercept large particles, medium-sized pollutants get stuck due to impaction, and ultrafine particles are captured through diffusion. This multi-layered approach ensures comprehensive filtration of indoor air.
These filters are highly effective in removing common indoor pollutants such as dust mites, mould spores, and smoke particles. However, they need regular replacement to maintain efficiency.
For more information on different air purification methods, check out
what are ozone-generating air cleaners.
Examples of pollutants removed by HEPA filters
HEPA filters can remove a wide range of pollutants, including:
- Dust and pollen: These are common allergens that can cause respiratory issues and allergies.
- Mould spores: HEPA filters trap mould spores, reducing the risk of respiratory infections and allergies.
- Pet dander: Ideal for pet owners, HEPA filters capture tiny particles of fur and skin that can trigger allergies.
- Smoke and odours: These filters help remove tobacco smoke, cooking odours, and chemical fumes.
- Bacteria and viruses: HEPA filters can capture certain airborne bacteria and viruses, promoting a healthier indoor environment.
For more information on air filtration, check out the
pros and cons of air filtration systems and
carbon filters in air purifiers.
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